We, and all other heterotrophic organisms, breathe in oxygen, and breathe out carbon dioxide.
Plants by contrast do the exact opposite. Do realize though, upon its death, no matter whether you eat it, burn it, or let it rot, the method of decomposition will release all of the carbon dioxide it once absorbed over its entire lifetime, and consume all the oxygen it once produced over its entire lifetime.
The importance of carbon dioxide TO US is that it TRIGGERS us to breathe. The sensors in our lungs cannot sense oxygen. They only sense carbon dioxide. When the concentration of CO2 in the lungs is high enough, it triggers the diaphram to exchange the breath within the lungs with outside air.
If there were absolutely zero CO2 existing in the air, you would inhale the mix of N2 and O2 that we call "air", and once you process this air, you make your own CO2 that will then trigger you to breathe. CO2 in the outside air is unneeded to trigger us to breathe, as our own respiration will generate it.